IT Professional Presentation Essay Example for Free

IT Professional Pre dis castation EssayPresentations atomic issuance 18 meant to be professional with a lot of motion required in the structuring of speech and the assurance of putting across the right communicate. Professionals in both field or walk of life need to make water a good speech which would make them better shewers and therefrom a noticeable being among completely the other employees. An cheek has hundreds and thousand and sometimes change surface more than that employee in number. To make oneself- vastness noticeable in the eyes of the one that matter, makes a lot of difference in the cargoner growth. Hard work is something that everyone does exclusively few argon those who ar able to give birth it in a manner that enables the top officials to notice you. at that place be umteen ways to present and presentations are becoming increasingly common in todays humans. PowerPoint and Flash are the or so utilized of either but written actor of assista nce and stock-still plain verbal speech is also presentation. All these means of presenting are unspoiledified depending on the situations and the matter to be presented. Hence, it is not the substantial that matters to a large extent but its what you say right at the right time is what matters. IntroductionInformation strategy can be any organised combination of hoi polloi, computer hardware, software, communication ne tworks, and data resources that collects, transforms, and disseminates culture in an organisation. Like any other system of rules operates within an environment, information system and engineering are very all-important(prenominal) in contemporary headache, because they have become a significant component for success in any organisation, such(prenominal) as university, healthcare centre and social club. However these are the surface-nigh important and vital in internet business area because it cannot be managed without information system and technology. In addition internet business can increase their sales and profits by implicating efficient and effectual e-commerce which is one of major parts of information system. There are big names that are involved with the IT industry such as the Amazon. com which is solely an internet based company. Other multinationals such as McDonalds are also involved in it despite being a fast aliment organization. Brief information hearing the two organizations are as follows. Critical synopsis of the Presentations Things they are Achangin-1 talk near the computer and Information engineering science details.It starts off with telling the memory capacity of a computer. The contrastive memories and the capacities that a computer and its hardware has, is explained in the presentation. Along with that it negotiation about the computer networking and the usage of broadband. It had become increasingly famous and usual in the current years and most of the people in the world have it. Things they are Achangin-2 on the other hand talks about other energy sources such as batteries and cars and how their mechanism works.These two mentioned sources have also become increasingly important over their years for day to day life. Along with that it has compared their mechanical sources with human body and mind and has talked about the structure of a robotic body. Delivery Channel Strategy Delivery Channel Strategy defines the objective of preservey channel which are Projecting and representing the brand fend for and developing the active consumer base, obtaining new customers and meeting essential service requisites. It also talks about the benefits of branches, which branches are used more for financial services and why.It explains self servicing and explains the benefits of automated machines which empower the customers. It opts into account the different product used by the financial institutions and their usage. key fruit Implications of Delivery Strategies In order to have an effective delivery strategy, one needs to take into account all the aspects that come in advance that as well in order to execute the plan in the most effective manner realistic. The following delivery surgical process is explained with an example of Amazon. com, the online trading place. a) Goods, products, ecommerce solutionIt started off as a book store with an online comportment but later on it kept on adding products in its portfolio and now they have different categories in which they divide their products into such as Books, Music and Movies, uniform and Accessories, Computer Office, Consumer Electronics, Food and Household, Health and Beauty, Home and Garden, Kids and Toys, Sports and Fitness, Tools and Automotives, Bargains and Gifts and List. There are further bifurcations within these categories as well which qualifyings further variety to the customers.There services are divided into the categories of Make Money, For the Community, For Developers, For Advertisers and Partner service. .A9. com caters to the information content requirement which is a search engine present directly on the Amazon. com. (Amazon, 2007). b) Performance and services The existence of the website over this long period of time indicates its efficiency and the take of customer satisfaction. The website is very well put unneurotic so that the customer can easily find their way through to their desired destination. Amazon. com, BN. com, and Half.com arent getting any complaints at all because they are very simple to use and to understand. Each of these web sites are made for the computer illiterate or just plain lazy (B2C e-commerce design and performance for Amazon. com, BN. com, Half. com, n. d. ). c) Personalization The site lay out of the website is also user friendly and it takes no time to find where one wants to go unlike the complicated sites which are hard to browse. It offers the customer to personalize by offering a obtain cart just like an actual shopping mall to create a sense of personalization.They have many products and services and different categories of all their items. They also have the option to make Your Store, this is where they store all the information that you like the beat and what products you are most interested in (B2C e-commerce design and performance for Amazon. com, BN. com, Half. com, n. d. ). This gives a sense of individuality to the customers wanting them to come back down for a trounce. d) Communities and Look and Feel Amazon. com also offers chat forums for the customers in order to discuss their views and opinions.This is also one reason for the customers to visit the website. Internet Chat Headset assemblage is one of the examples of their chat forums and virtual customer online communities. The storefront of Amazon. com has been rated high as it offers a number of varieties on the page and also provides clear layout for the customer to survey where they are required to go. e) Incentives Amazon. c om offers different incentives to the customers such as bargains of Friday Sales, Todays Deals and many more.It offers auctions and personal accounts to give the customers a sense of individuality and personalization encouraging them to visit more often. f) Security Reliability For such sites certificate is utmost important and therefore it can be said that Security and Privacy Policy for these are very well put together and are very private and one has to go through various checks and double checks for e-mail and password verifications. This ensures that the website company and you have the right passwords and e-mail addresses for your concealment and protection.They also have protects programming on their sites to ensure that no one can get you password, e-mail address, and most important your credit post-horse number (B2C e-commerce design and performance for Amazon. com, BN. com, Half. com, n. d. ). g) Successful achievement One of the many highlighted features of the websit e is that very recently Amazon. com is to Webcast Investor Conference Presentation Morgan Stanley Technology Conference (Business News, 2007) which is considered to be a huge achievement for the organization along with earning million of dollars of revenue.Another one of its achievements could be the introduction of software called the Amazon S3 which is a simple storage service that offers software developers a highly scalable, reliable, and low-latency data storage infrastructure at very low costs (Amazon Web Services Launches Amazon S3, a Simple Storage Service for Software Developers, 2005). Ethics and Professionalism in the ICT discipline Ethics and Professionalism in the ICT discipline talks about the vastness of the code of ethics in the professional environment not for ones career but for the sustainability of its moral values.It describes Ethics as Doing good, not doing bad, Not screwing people, Only screwing the competition, Letting the competition screw you, Doing thing s right, Doing the right thing. Key Implications These key implications of Ethics in IT are explained with respect to the example of Amazon. com. For such sites security is utmost important and therefore it can be said that Security and Privacy Policy for these are very well put together and are very private and one has to go through various checks and double checks for e-mail and password verifications.This ensures that the website company and you have the right passwords and e-mail addresses for your privacy and protection. They also have protects programming on their sites to ensure that no one can get you password, e-mail address, and most important your credit card number (B2C e-commerce design and performance for Amazon. com, BN. com, Half. com, n. d. ). encounter Assessment of Ethics in IT Despite the existence of internet over the years, it has still not been able to gain self-reliance regarding the transactions online. Amazon.com along with other organization based onlin e for selling face the challenge of assurance of security to its customers. As for Amazon. com, it failed to provide combine in regard of security to e-commerce project because they did not concern about proficient risks. Despite the presence of a huge customer base, a lot of potential customers are hesitant to buy from amazon. com because of this particular reason. However, there is a long procedure regarding the security of credit cards and its personal information which is utilized by many websites present today.Many sites that accept credit cards claim they are secure when they have an encryption certificate. This is where you can see the padlock symbol at the bottom of the screen. The encryption certificate encodes the message with the credit card details when it is sent and the organization issuing the certificate (e,g, Thawte or Verisign) verify the business before they thing it. (E-commerce Security, n. d. ). Amazon. com follows the same long procedure of ensuring that th e customer feels safe but even then there is a lot of chance of stealth of the information and its misutilization might lead to disastrous overtakinges to an individual.This is the fear that stops the potential customers from entering into the market of internet. If credit card numbers are stored on a server they are still potential targets for a hacking attack. Afferent Media protects its server with anti virus and firewall systems. Its ultimate defense though is that it does not store any credit card numbers (E-commerce Security, n. d. ). Hence, despite the effort, due to technical risk involved Amazon. com is facing the same threat as many other online retailers. Although Amazon.com has essential a trustworthy image over the years but when it comes to monetary losses people are hesitant to take risk as the loss incurred might get too huge to counter. This technical risk can however be countered in order to gain the potential customers that are hesitate at the moment. This can be countered if transactions are carried out in substantial time, in just the same way as an EFTPOS machine. The message is encoded and sent to the bank, if the card passes the checks then funds are transferred directly to the vendor. This is just like when you buy petrol or shop in a supermarket.The vendor swipes your card in and EFTPOS machine, they do not store the card details. (E-commerce Security, n. d. ). Like every weakness, if this factor is also addressed in its early stages it might not even classify as a problem and may be included in one of the challenges but the more Amazon. com delays it, the more it might lead to contingency and reduction of customer base. It has the advantage that the solution has already been identified, therefore the company just needs to incorporate this procedure in its security e-commerce procedure and conceal proper checks and balances over a period of time and the job is done.Once the authenticity of the procedure is verified, it would no t be hard for customer to develop trust in the online services. Despite the overall success of the organization, there are still factors that it needs to counter before the issues convert into real threat to the existence of the organization. The security factor is always vital in e-commerce as no customers would want to risk their monetary gains for shopping online. Lean Thinking Lean Thinking is a presentation which defines the importance of customers with the help of practical examples taken from different scenarios.It also takes into account the impact of value on customers choice and the importance of value in a product. Key Implications McDonalds is a world wide known brand and hence it is famous and loved all around the world for its customer hospitality. A fast food chain, so customer friendly has also made use of the IT sources which is explained as further. The company is a fast food chain across the world known by the name of McDonalds. It is world renowned and is among t he top most fast food chains across the reality. It has different kinds of fast foods in its menu ranging from rapid on-the-go burgers to healthy breakfasts and other food items.The organization is known for its quality and variety in food across the globe along with paying its full due to the corporate and social responsibility to the members of the society. Our organization not only is concerned about regular people who are health or weight conscious but also make sure that people with certain individual problems are also given watchfulness to. The entire nutrition information is available on its website and can be completely relied on as it is taken from from testing conducted in accredited laboratories, publish resources, or from information provided from McDonalds suppliers.The nutrition information is based on standard product formulations and serving sizes. All nutrition information is based on average values for ingredients from McDonalds suppliers throughout the U. S. and is rounded to meet current US FDA NLEA guidelines (McDonalds USA, 2006). Despite of enjoying the top most notches in most of the countries we are present in it is made sure that the organization does not lag in its due responsibility towards its customers, employees or the society it caters to which is evident by the brochure of unified Responsibility by McDonalds.This brochure is known as The McDonalds USA Corporate Responsibility Brochure and another third worldwide corporate responsibility makeup has been published recently in 2006. It has the ability to adapt to country to country environment and culture. It pays utmost importance to kids and their meals and therefore because of that reason we have specialized meal for children as well. These meals are set with kids preferences in mind and offers incentive such as toy gifts which children can enjoy along with their respective meals. Capabilities and Potential with Risk AssessmentMcDonalds is known for its customer service a nd for increasing indulgence in the technology sector as well. McDonalds has some of Information technology involved in its procedures as well as to offer to the customers. As a Manager it is very important to be well equipped and well informed regarding the companionship of the on-going dynamics in the information technology sector of the country. The advancement of the organization in the information technology sector is indicated by the fact that it offers one of the most novel technologies of the information system which is the McDonalds Wireless Connectivity.It offers Wi-Fi service to its customers so that they can even bring their work to McDonalds along with enjoying a good meal. Its not just limited to United States which is one of the most technologically equipped country of the world but 7,000 outlets around the globe. We believe in giving the best to our customers and Wi-Fi is a part of it as We believe in bringing you innovative and convenient services that enhance your McDonalds restaurant visit, and Wi-Fi is a perfect example.As McDonalds continues to deliver fast and friendly food service at more than 30,000 convenient locations around the world, you can now enjoy the possibility of staying connected with friends, family and co-workers (McDonalds Wireless Connectivity, 2006). isolated from this, our organization has even stepped in introducing a technology that would bring into use the real time network used by huge and well-known places such as Wal-Mart. In order to manage its hardware and software in different location across the globe, it took help of the Fujitsu Philippines Incorporation to implement a system the system.The system is called Help Desk which enables in the monitoring of the inventory system and the counselling of the SMS and documents. Due to Help Desk the technical support service now take half(a) the time it previously did. (McDonalds Philippines improves customer service via technology, 2007). Due to high volume of sal es of McDonalds around the globe, the manual or low level storing data system is not anymore a product of efficiency for the organization. Therefore, it has moved a step forwards and The PC POS system replaced proprietary computer registers that delivered information to in-store processors.These computers are a McDonalds restaurants black box, recording information on operations such as an individual stores total sales for the day, and the number of patties, buns, cups and other products used, and delivering it back to the McDonalds central processor systems in Oak Brook each night over a modem connection (Food, Folks and Forecasting, 2006). We as Managers also make use of this technology to place orders to the suppliers for replacement as well, hence making tasks easier for everyone of storing the large bulks of information everyday.The Future of Business Information System The Future of Business Information System talks about the consultancy by Dennis Keeling. It takes into accou nt the trends in business cycle, the types of business applications and the industry changes. It talks about different operating systems and system designs and data file structure. Key Implications of The Future of Business Information System The most upcoming trend in the future(a) is outsourcing. Outsourcing is a trend that has recently become very popular among the multi-million and multi-billion organizations around the world.Outsourcing often refers to the delegation of non-core operations from internal production to an external entity specializing in the management of that operation (Wikipedia, n. d. ). There are various functions of an organization that are not the main operations and therefore can be sourced to other parties such as Business segments typically outsourced include information technology, human resources, facilities and real estate management, and accounting. Many companies also outsource customer support and call center functions, manufacturing and engineeri ng (Wikipedia, n. d. ).There are several reasons why one would outsource their operations to an outside party, which might include the purpose of exploiting insolent labor in case of third world countries or utilizing the efficiency of specialized expertise in a particular field of work. Outsourcing might also involve reducing the cost even it effects their quality to a slight extent. IT outsourcing helps improve the efficiency of IT department as after outsourcing there is special attention given by an entire grouping people to only one operation, hence in return increasing its importance and therefore its efficiency.IT outsourcing might also be done due to cost reduction by utilizing brains that are will to work for less as compared to the human resource that is present domestically. Along with a lot of benefits in outsourcing, there comes a bucket full of disapproval as well. The critics believe that outsourcing reduces the quality of the operation outsourced hence reducing t he overall performance of the organization. Hence, it is believed that organizations reduce their cost by compromising on their quality and exploiting cheap labor by outsourcing.On the other hand proponents of outsourcing believe that arguing that outsourcing leads to lower product quality is pointless because if it were true, consumer demand will force firms to case back to producing the good or service in-firm alternatively than out-firm (Wikipedia, n. d. ). Risk Assessment regarding Future of IT With respect to outsourcing, the possible risk or problems that IT could face in the future are as explained further. There are different outsourcers depending to where they are located.They include three kinds that are outsourcing, offshore outsourcing and offshoring. Although these terms are used as a replacement of the other but their meaning is different from one another. Outsourcing is the allocation of an organizations operation to another responsible party. Now the difference lie s in the presence of this third party, that is, if the third party is located outside the host country, it is known as offshore outsourcing.While on the other hand, offshoring is when an operation of an organization is taken to another country without transferring control to the third party. Hence the difference is of transfer of control to another party, that is, the power remains within the organization in case of offshoring while in offshore outsourcing it is transferred to the third party. In case of IT offshore outsourcing, the main country that receives the majority deals is India due to its IT success in recent years with able IT graduates and world-renowned IT universities present in India.Different problems might occur due to the location of the outsourcer, that is, in case of offshore outsourcing, the cost of checks and balances, transportation, dealing across distances might end up being equal or surpassing the cost cut that is the purpose of outsourcing. Hence, nullifyin g the effect of outsourcing with the cost incurred for distant dealing. One issue offshoring of technical services has brought more attention to is the value of education as an alleged solution to trade-related displacements (Wikipedia, n. d. ).The foreign location of the outsources in case of offshore outsourcing and the exapanding of business globally in case of offshoring might also be subject to crticism due to the reason that it causes the host country to suffer with opportunities travelling to other countries rather than being available to others. Hence, along with certain positive outcomes, outsources is subjected to a sufficient amount of criticism as well. In order to counter the crticism, it would have to scrutinze itself and learn such drawbacks. Weaknesses in Current Information Technology CapabilitiesHowever, the McDonalds journey may be rapidly moving towards the success ladder but there are several pitfalls that have occurred in its Information System and its capabil ities. For us as managers, it is very important to identify those pitfalls and rectify them as soon as possible in order to avoid any forthcoming problems or issues. The technological world is an extremely rapidly evolving environment, with information becoming obsolete after a certain period of time. Hence, it is very important for the Managers to take that into account and be on the constant guards to protect their image.Wi-Fi is a very innovative and healthy technology but in those countries that are well equipped to support this kind of technology and the citizens prefer to have it in a restaurant. As per a managements perspective, to implement it in a country like Bangladesh or Pakistan, where there isnt much knowledge of technology among the masses, would not only be unfeasible but also irrelevant expenditure. As for the PC POS System implemented, it does save time but being a Manager it is very important to receive the detailed information to further process it for other uses which it failed to do.The data that is batch-dumped to the McDonalds mainframe system in Oak Brook every night doesnt offer the detail McDonalds executives needed and, worse, took as long as a week to be compiled analyzed and distributed to managers who would then order more patties, buns, etc. from McDonalds vendors. Hence, it needs to take that into account as well. Professional Presentations Requirement of Soft Skills All the organization of such calibre are required to have high aptitude military unit in it with the presence of hard skills as well as soft skills.In order to sell your product, one has to make sure that its presentation and the its communication is up to the mark. The more the people are convinces the more is the popularity of the product or service meant to be. It is very important for a professional to possess the skills of speaking well and hiring such professional can be a tedious process but all the effort is worth it. Hiring is a very difficult process it takes a lot of time, patience, and money. Gone were the days when management only looks for technical skills alone, now, they are more focused with soft skills referring to non technical skills of an individual.What are soft skills? correspond to Mannering (1998) they are considered to be harder to identify, to distinguish. Ironically, for many managers, the soft skills are the hard skills. Ask anyone who has had to manage change, deal with organizational politics, or build a disparate group of people into an effective team (Holbeche, 2006). Platinum skills are developed through training and delegation, active listening, giving and receiving feedback, and creating a motivational environment. (Topchik, 2004). Companies Who Values Soft Skills Fujitsu here(predicate)s an excerpt from an article Hi-tech soft skills IT Training Jan2007Fujitsu Services has set up an international Management Academy, headed by Paula Graham (right), to help IT professionals clangoring up on their interp ersonal skills As they progress up the career ladder, many IT professionals could find themselves at a crunch point. They have been hired and valued primarily for their technical and engineering abilities, but as they become more senior they will be expected to adopt more custodial and managerial responsibility over junior colleagues. But where, along the way, were they supposed to have picked up these managerial and interpersonal skills?IT giant Fujitsu Services is tackling the problem of helping the technical person be a better people manager with a new company-wide experiment in delivering soft skills training at leadership level. This broadcast is about raising the bar on the organizations people management skills, adds Jeremy Hill, London-based managing director of training partner DIEU. Fujitsu employees are comprised mostly of IT professionals, yes they have all the various technical skills that needed to become one of their programmers, and they keep on giving other technic al trainings in order to stay competitive and internal on diverse IT trends.And yet, management feels they lack something, they need to brush up with communication skills. Employees needed to be more effective communicators they need to get their message across clearly with the people they are dealing with. Communication is very essential and powerful tool not everybody has the knock off communication skills, and essentially improvement on this part will have a big impact both for employees and their company.

Financial Statement Essay Example for Free

Financial Statement EssayThe first issue to demonstrate is the four different types of financial instructions and the use of each that a business entrust use. The second issue to discuss is what financial statements that an investor result re construe. The third issue to discuss is what financial statements a creditor will review. The fourth will be what financial statements that management within a caller-out will review.The first financial statement is the income statement (Kimmel et al, 2009). The income states will show the success or the failure of a companys operations for a certain(p) period. The income statement will stomach the revenue the company will make, the expenses the company will spend, and the exculpate income of the difference of each.The second financial statement is the retained meshing statement (Kimmel et al, 2009). Retained lucre mean the net income that is retained in the corporation. The statement will show the measure and the cause of change s that can occur in the retained earnings during a certain period. The period of both the retained earnings and the income statement have the same period. The information covered on the retained earnings would be the earnings from the month prior, add the net income, minus the dividends, and the outcome for the retained earnings for a certain month.The next financial statement would be the balance tag end (Kimmel et al, 2009). The use of the balance sheet is so a company can report the assets and the claims to the assets during a certain period. The claims to assets can be from two groups, the first would be the claims to creditors that would be the liabilities and the second would be the claims to owners that would be the stockholders equity. The basic accounting equation is Assets = Liabilities + Stockholders Equity. Both sides of this equation must balance out.The last financial statement will be the statement of funds flows (Kimmel et al, 2009). The statement of cash flows wil l provide financial information about the cash receipts and payments of business for a certain period. The statement of cash flows will report the cash effects of the companys expenses. Those expenses can be through the operating, investing, and financing activities. The statement of cash flows will also show the net increase or decrease in cash during a certain period. The statement will also show the amount of cash at the end of another period. The information found on the statement of cash flows will be the operating expenses, the investing expenses, the financing expenses, the net increase, the cash at the beginning and end of a period.Investors will view the income statement to see the future performance of a company (Kimmel et at, 2009). Creditors will view the income statement for loans. Creditors will also view the retained earnings statement and the balance sheet to see the ability for a company to repay debt. focusing will view each financial statement to see the financial health of the company (Kimmel et al, 2009). Management can view the income statement to see if the company is a success or failure. The retained earnings statement to see how much income will return to the company. The balance sheet to see how much cash is on hand for certain needs and to ensure there is a satisfactory proportion of debt to common stock. The statement of cash flows to see the entire trope of what is going on within the company financially.In conclusion, the high spot of the four different types of financial statements and the use of each that a business will use. The highlight of the financial statements an investor will review for the company. The highlight of the financial statements a creditor will review for the company. The highlight of which financial statements the management of the company will review for the organization.

Groups and Culture Essay Example for Free

Groups and Culture EssayCultural and social expectations dictate that individuals as fractions of superstar ending or society interact with some other members, it is in the interpersonal relationships and interactions that the individual has with others that socialization occurs (Hofstede, 2000). The first interpersonal relation that an individual in any shade would have is confined in the family. Growth and maturation however dictates that the individual relate and interact with other people outside of his or her family, this could be teachers, caregivers, classmates and friends. Interacting with other people widens the perspective of the individual, in play children learn how to communicate and compromise, in the classroom, they learn to compete and cooperate and in the workplace, they learn to conform and collaborate (Hofstede, 2000). Everyone is naval division of a group, be it the family, a neighborhood, a class, a department, or a community. A fully functioning and he althy individual would be a member of two or more groups, and for each group, a different set of rules and expectations apply.A universal characteristic of groups is that it consists of two or more individuals who are interacting and behaving towards a common goal. Within this setting, group members constantly communicate, cooperate, and conform to the rules and objectives of the group (Guss, 2002). For example, a gang of adolescent boys had been formed based on friendship, and each member subscribes to the rules of the gang, olibanum behaviors like rites of initiation are meant to strengthen the members commitment to the group.The goal of the gang may simply be to cultivate their friendship and shelter each other, thus the members would cooperate in order to achieve that goal (Brew, Hesketh Taylor, 2001). In contrast, a group of teenagers in a bus is not in reality a group because they do not have shared rules and expectations, although they may have the same goal, and that is to reach their destination. Groups also tend to form and break up over the course of life events and human development. The behavior of groups and its members are also heavily influenced by the dominant culture in which it is situated.A group of workers in a collectivist culture like that of South Korea would strongly conform to the rules and regulations of the organization they work for (Hofstede, 2000). Complaints against company practices or policies are expected to be tokenish such that collectivist cultures places value on group cohesion, unity, and cooperation. Workers in South Korea would believe that they are working not for themselves but for their families, their organization and their country.Thinking of ones self above others in this culture is frowned upon, thus, not many individuals take leadership roles because it calls attention to oneself (Hofstede, 2000). Thus, workers conform without question, they cooperate with the given policies and they build relationships am ong the workers. On the other hand, a group of workers in an individualist culture like the US is not as easily conforming and cooperative as the workers in South Korea. Individualist cultures places importance on individual achievement, individual differences, self-expression and nonconformity (Hofstede, 2000).Workers in the US would join organizations that provide them with the opportunities for individual achievement and professional growth. To a certain degree, US workers do conform to the expected behavior of workers, but only if they perceive it as a necessary requirement of their individual performance. For example, workers largely attend company activities because they get something out of it, or because it is required of them to come and attendance would have positive implications in ones performance evaluate (Hofstede, 2000).In this culture, workers are vocal about their ideas and opinions about the organizations policies, they are confrontational such that demanding inc rease in ones recompense is the norm, not the exception. References Brew, F. P. , Hesketh, B. , Taylor, A. (2001). Individualistic-collectivist differences in adolescent decision making and decision styles with Chinese and Anglos. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 25, 1-19. Guss, C. D. (2002).Decision making in individualistic and collectivistic cultures. In W. J. Lonner, D. L. Dinnel, S. A. Hayes, D. N. Sattler (Eds. ), Online Readings in Psychology and Culture (Unit 4, Chapter 3), (http//www. wwu. edu/culture), Center for Cross-Cultural Research, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington USA. Hofstede, G. (2000). Cultures consequences Comparing values, behaviors, institutions, and organizations across nations (2nd ed. ). Thousand Oaks, CA Sage.

Social Policy Essays Social Policy For Sex Offenders

neighborly constitution Essays Social Policy For Sex OffendersSocial Policy For Sex OffendersChildrens protection and refuge has become a prominent legislative issue of the 90s and for the millennium. It appears that more than and more legislation pull up s labours stop to be introduced and passed for the best interest of children. The goal is to stop abuse against our children in this generation, but for some children it is too late Anthony Martinez, Polly Klaas, Megan Kanga, the children we did not read about and, unfortunately, those we pass on be reading about. This paper will discuss Megans law (See vermiform process A), which requires the registration and posting to communities of released depend on offenders.Child abuse legislation turn out to be an agenda leader for two other sets of issues those relating to child care and those relating to personal violence. Child abuse, especially knowledgeable, has infused parents and communities with renewed moral outrage and provided intellectual and semi semipolitical connections to long-standing issues, such as child safety and protection. But perhaps more interestingly, crime legislation gave legitimacy and currency to the consideration of the allied issues of violence, autonomy, and physical safety, including the cozy abuse of children, domestic violence and rape ( Nelson, 1984).Get help with your essay from our expert essay writersBierker (1989) defined versed abuse as a fireual activity perpetrated on a child by an senior(a) person through with(predicate) coercion. The child lacks the emotional and physical maturity to resist what amounts to abuse of the older persons note of authority and power. Abuse, by definition, causes pain to the child at the time of the abuse and, unless the abuse is disclosed and dealt with, later in his or her life. In recent high profile cases, the children all appeared to have been sexually abused before they were assassinateed.Sexual abuse of a child gener ally moves through increasingly intimate activity. Perpetrators carefully plan not only the abuse, but also arrange for a private place to do it. Parents of 10 suffer the perpetrator access to their child unwittingly. For example, they may allow their child to engage in group activities which are lead by an strange perpetrator. Megans constabulary seeks to identify known pedophiles and allow parents to inform and teach their children to avoid these offenders.Sexual offenders are a large and growing part of the prison house population. In 1980 put in prisons held 20, 500 sex offenders in 1990 there were 63,600 and in 1994 their were 88, 100. They grew not only in number, but also as a percentage of an expanding state prison population 6.9 percent of 295,819 inmates in 1980 9.7 percent of 906, 112 in 1994. In 1991, at least 20 percent of the adult prison population in ten states were sex offenders.Community in-patient and out-patient platforms specializing in treating sex offend ers have proliferated. Still, it appears that relatively few incarcerated sex offenders actually receive treatment. There is insufficient research to establish reproducible estimates of recidivism or to identify effective treatments ( Department of Justice, statistics, 1996).The current climate is severely punitive. Mevery citizens approach is to lock-up all the criminals and never release them. The national seems determined to hold on these individuals from committing new crimes no matter the cost. As a result, by August, 1995, 43 states had enacted statutes requiring offenders to register with a central influence or with a law enforcement agency located in the company into which they are released.In late July 1994, seven-year-old Megan Kanka was raped and strangled to death. Such tragedies are oscillatoryly describe in our daily periodical across the country, but the difference here was that Megans killer lived across the street from the Kanka family in Hamilton Township, N ew Jersey. Further, the neighbor had served time in Avenel, a knack for sex offenders in New Jersey. The humanity had been convicted of molesting children twice previously, but the community knew nothing of his background.Megans parents and neighbors learned of Jesse Timmendequas history only after he was arrested on July 30, 1994, and had confessed to the murder. Megans parents, Richard and Maureen Kanka, and their neighbors organized and angrily con scarecrowed their city council as to why they were not informed as to the establishment of this house for sex offenders in their family-oriented community. They demanded that the laws be changed so as allow communities to protect themselves from released sex offenders.Jansson defines insurance practice as efforts to influence the development, enactment, murder, or assessment of affable policies through the utilization of polity practice skills (which he identifies as analytic, political, inter transactional, and value-clarificatio n), and the performance of policy practice tasks (setting agendas, defining problems, making proposals, enacting policy, implementing policy, and assessing policy) (Jansson, 1994).With the fall elections approaching, and several republican anti-crime initiatives stalled in the Senate, Republicans pushed four circuit cards through the dramatic art on May 7, 1995 to crack down on sex offenders, witness tampering, stalkers and those who prey on children and the elderly.The Senate cleared the bill (HR 2137) on sex offenders by vocalization vote May 9, 1995, and President Clinton signed the bill into law. Republicans were hoping that the bills, which dealt with relatively small issues, would resonate with the public and help their party in November. They spotlighted members that were facing tough reelection campaigns as sponsors of three bills. The sexual offender bill was sponsored by Dick Zimmer, Republican from New Jersey, who was in a tight race for the senate seat organism vacate d by Bill Bradley. The House debate began on an emotional note, and members quickly passed legislation that would require states and local anestheticities to inform communities when dangerous sexual offenders were released from prison. The vote was 418-0 . (See Appendix B).The 1994 crime bill (Pub. L 103-322) requires sex offenders to register their address with local police, and it allows this schooling to be publicized to preserve safety. The House bill sought to make release of this information mandatory. States that did not comply could lose part of their federal crime fighting funds.The bill also would change a section of the crime law that unavoidable states to classify as private all information collected when registering sexual offenders. The bill would allow each state to determine what information is private and what is public (Congressional Quarterly, May 11, 1996).President Clinton strongly supported the bills respecting crimes against children and the elderly. On May 17, 1996, he signed Megans Law. He has been an advocate for children since he was governor of Arkansas. The following is an point away from the ceremony that took at the White HouseThis has been a week in which our country is moving to combat crime and violence. A couple of days ago we awarded over 9, 000 new police officers to some 2,500 communities. That brings us to 43,000 police officers in 20 months along the road to our goal of 100,000. Were ahead of schedule and to a lower place budget.But today, the valiant presence of five American parents reminds us that this fight against crime is so much more a fight for peace and for safety for our people and especially for our children.I thank the Congress for passing it. I thank those who led the fight. And I thank these families more than anything else. God Bless you all. (See Appendix C).The Jacob Wetterling Crimes against Children and Sexually Violent Offender Registration Act provides a financial incentive for states to establ ish effective registration systems for released child molesters and other sexually cutthroat offenders. States that fail to establish conforming registration systems will be subjected to a 10 percent reduction of formula Byrne Grant funding, and resulting surplus funds will be reallocated to states that are in compliance. Unlike Megans Law, the Jacob Wetterling Act permitted, but did not require, states to release registration information to the extent necessary to protect the public.In atomic number 20, state legislation implementing Megans Law was passed in September of 1996 (AB 1562 ). The California Department of Justice issued policy and training procedures for local law enforcement agencies directing implementation of Megans Law beginning in July, 1997. As of July, 1997, any citizen can request from their local law enforcement agency, a CD ROM containing information, including photographs, of sexual offenders released into the local community. Police and parole agents will b e required to notify the community of sexual offenders residing in the neighborhood. In California, Governor Wilson has attempted to go nurture still, proposing that sex offenders be required to register for life.The rationale underlying such laws is simple identify all convicted and released sexual offenders, and the community will be able to take action to protect themselves. Notification, according to some, could prevent some tragedies from happening again. Notification is also expected to improve public safety because the public will be able to identify and report risky behavior by sex offenders (e.g. conversing with children, buying sex-oriented magazines) that might escalate into criminal behavior if ignored.The effectiveness of notification plausibly depends to a considerable degree on the provisions of the state statute, the resources that states and localities are able and willing to provide for implementing the statute, and the dedication and expertise of probation offic ers, police officers and prosecutors. Notification is about likely to be effective if it is accompanied by extensive community education and carried out by specialist. ( Finn, 1997)Agenda setting stage. Laws regarding sexual abuse came into being in the late 1970s as professionals and the public became alive(predicate) of the prevalence of this form of child abuse. Since that time, the legal frame piss has developed dramatically in repartee to vicious crimes against children. Perhaps no type of crime has received more attention in recent years than crimes against children involving sexual acts and violence. Several recent tragic cases have focused public attention on this type of crime and resulted in public demand that government take stronger action against those who commit those crimes. Specifically, it was the murder of a little girl at the hands of this unidentified sex offender that served the purpose of getting legislators and the publics attention.A victim of sexual abuse himself, Mark J. Welsh presentd that identifying offenders would protect children and help prevent molesters from abusing again. Further, he argued that molesters would be recognized everywhere they went, and no one would allow them to be bordering children. There was no real opposition to this argument the laws had to be changed.Another important component of the agenda setting stage is the political demand exerted by large voting constituencies and lobbyists. Children do not vote, but parents, relatives, teachers, grass roots organizations, the Child Welfare League of America, and others do strongly represent them in the political arena. In the case of Megans Law, support was bipartisan and unanimous. Further, Congress passed Title VII of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 (Public Law 103-322). That law, entitle the Jacob Wetterling Crimes Against Children and Sexually Violent Offender Registration Act, encouraged states to establish a system where every person who commits a sexual or kidnapping crime against children or who commits sexually violent crime against any person (whether adult or child) would be required to register his address upon release from prison. As further protection, the 1994 Act required states to allow law enforcement agencies to release relevant information about an offender as necessary to protect the public (Columbia Law, 1995).This community notification provision has been the subject of considerable controversy. Megans Law has been challenged by civil libertarians as a violation of sex offenders constitutional rights. However, Megans Law has indeed far survived court challenges. Yet, this has not stopped the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), a legal organization dedicated to defending the Constitution, from attacking the constitutionality of notification requirements.The ACLU and others argue that it is unconstitutional to treat sex offenders differently from other violent criminals. Further, the AC LU argues, most sex offenses are committed by people we are not aware are dangerous friends and relatives and others we do not know about. Community notification tends to generate hysteria about a small group of people for a short period of time. It does not solve the problem, it merely moves ex-offenders around as they are driven from community to community.Moreover, although the ostensible purpose of notification is to permit citizens to take precautions to protect themselves, these laws tend to encourage a state of anxiety which is not helpful to rationally addressing the issue. They also tend to encourage vigilantism. In chapiter state, a a released child molester, who had presumedly salaried his debt to society, was himself a victim of death threats, assaults and the burning of his home by enraged residents who took the law into their own hands (ACLU, press release, August, 19, 1994).In addition, critics aruge, this law often treats gay men as child molesters and rapists. Yea rs ago, gay men were routinely arrested on felony lewd conduct charges. These were people who were essentially engaging in consensual sex with other adults. Although Megans Law ostensibly targets sexual predators, the gay community fears that persons arrested for being gay will be identified as sex offenders.Problem defining stage. The problem is whether all released sex offenders should register or not. Different states have relied on different methods of create notification criteria and as a result, have come up with different criteria. The focus is on developing guidelines for classifying offenders according to the risk they present (low, moderate, high). States have choose varying criteria to be employed in this classification process. These include the seriousness of the offense, offense history, characteristics of the offender and community support.Proposal writing stage. The bill was included as a special provision in the Federal Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement A ct of 1994 (the Act). At the time it was probably pen from an ecological perspective due to Megans brutal death and the elections. The bill does capablenessly sweep up too numerous people.Policy enacting stage. Congressmen Zimmer and the Republican party seized upon Megans death to raise an issue during an election year that no one could possibly oppose protecting neighborhoods from persons likely to commit atrocious sexual crimes. Such conditions encourage politicians to introduce bills that are supported by little, if any, responsible research.In my research for this paper, I spoke to Mr. Greg OGorman, an aide to Senator Feinstein. He confirmed the obvious no politician would oppose Megans Law because no one wanted to be identified with sexual offenders. Furthermore, he reported that Senator Feinstein has introduced a bill that will lock up a sexual offenders convicted twice of sexual crimes. He stated that the senator has received no opposition from her colleagues. It is unkn own if she consulted with mental health practitioners, kindly put to workers, or other professionals in order to determine the efficacy of her bill or alternatives to incarceration, such as treatment to prevent recidivism.The policy implementing stage. Law enforcement agencies, parole agents, and other designated practitioners are being directed to enforce Megans Law. Each state is implementing Megans Law differently. For example, in California all sex offenderswhether adult or juvenilemust register. Communities will be notified of adults classified as high risk or serious sex offenders. (See Appendix D). There are 70,000 sex offenders in California. It is uncertain how many of these will eventually be classified as high risk or serious offenders.Policy assessing stage. The ACLU and Lambda Legal Defense and Education fund (LLDEF) have joined together to challenge this law on constitutional grounds. The ACLU and LLDEF argue that in many cases notification does more harm than good. They conclude that if information is to be disclosed publicly, it must be limited to that necessary to counteract the offenders dangerousnous. ( ACLU, press release, August 19, 1994).Still, Megans Law is being implemented. In Placencia, California, police notified the community that a twice-convicted child molester, Sid Landau, was residing in their community. The community responded by organizing demonstrations in front of his residence. Some threatened him. Mr. Landau had to obtain legal representation in an attempt to stop the harassment. According to his lawyer, T. Matthew Phillips, Mr. Landau has been through hell. He argues that his client has been unfairly singled-out, that he paid for his crimes and should not be permitted to reenter society.Detective Corinne Loomis of the Placencia Police Department had hoped that people would eventually accept that Mr. Landau and others like him are release to be living in the community, and to appraise that the best response is be aware and protective. That is what Megans Law was designed to do, she said. It was not designed to whip people into frenzy and have them run someone out on a rail (L.A. Times, 3-8-97). On April 25, 1997, Sid Landau was arrested for assaulting a cameraman who was following him.In another case, an 18-year-old male from Wisconsin was convicted of a lewd act with a minor. He faces 40 years in prison and, if convicted, he will have to register as a sex offender for life. This young mans crime was having consensual sex with his 15-year-old girlfriend. The girlfriend got pregnant, and the young man dropped out of school in order to marry and support the girl. A social worker reported this case to the prosecutors office, and he was charged and convicted. The young man has the support of his community and plans to appeal his conviction.THE INTERVIEWSIn this section I disucss two interviews I conducted regarding Megans Law. I could have interviewed anyone because we will all be involved with this law law enforcement, which will be responsible for notifying citizens, as well as average citizens who happen to live in communities into which sex offenders are released.1) Jacqueline Waltman Parole agent, California Department of Corrections. Ms. Waltman supervises adult parolees in the San Fernando Valley.2) Gail Blucher stick and President of the local Parents and Teachers Association (PTA). Ms. Blucher is resident of the Santa Clarita Valley.Ms. Waltman does not agree with Megans Law as it is written. Although she will be obliged to enforce it, she imagines that many sex offenders will go underground in order to avoid registration requirements. Once underground, Ms. Waltman argues, these individuals will be more likely to molest more children. Further, she believes that a state of anxiety will be created in the communities encouraging the growth of vigilante groups. She believes her job will be more difficult as a result of supervising parolees in a community that is openl y hostile to the parolees presence.She recognizes that the Department of Corrections does not provide sex offenders with effective therapy, if it provides any at all. Moreover, she stated that many sex offenders are warned by prison guards not to disclose their crime to fellow inmates so as not to suggest attacks upon themselves. Therefore, many do not request therapy during incarceration.Parole agent Waltman believes that sex offenders cannot be rehabilitated and should remain in prison for the rest of their lives. She nevertheless hopes that they can be treated and rehabilitated. She stated that her priority will always be the safety and protection of children. Jacqueline Waltman works part-time for the Los Angeles County Department of Children and Family Services at the Emergency resolution Command Post (ERCP). She worked full-time for more than twenty years for the same department.Mrs. Blucher is a full-time homemaker and she is very involved in her seven-year-old young ladys extracurricular activities. She is married. She has recently gotten involved with the neighborhood watch community program that works with the local sheriffs department.Mrs. Blucher is anxiously anticipating Megans Law. She believes, kinda obviously, that children need a safe neighborhood, and supports notification . However, she stated that she could not participate in evicting anyone from her neighborhood, but did not want sex offenders to live anywhere serious her family. She strongly believes that sex offenders never change. She stated that the criminal justice system releases criminals too early, especially sex offenders. She supports Assemblyman Bob Margetts (R-Arcadia) bill requiring that convicted child molesters break down electronic monitoring bracelets upon their release from prison. (I contacted the Assemblymans office regarding this bill. His aide reported that the bill passed without any opposition).She is looking forward to working with the neighborhood watch prog ram to make children aware that her house is a designated safe house and that they are allowed to request assistance if they needed too.LETTER TO EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR RAMONA RIPSTON- ACLU15920 Calle El CapitanGreen Valley, CA 91350Ms. Ramona RipstonExecutive DirectorAmerican Civil Liberties Union1616 Beverly Blvd.Los Angeles, California, 90026April 24, 1997Dear Ms. RipstonMy name is Xiomara Flores-Holguin and I am a graduate social work student at the University of Southern California. I am writing you in support of the American Civil Liberties Union, Southern California chapters position on Megans Law.I agree with the ACLUs argument that notifying communities of sex offenders presence may cause more harm than good.First, released sex offenders are going to live somewhere. I am concerned about not-in-my-backyard vigilantism that will encouraged if citizens are not properly educated on bounds of appropriate action to take when notified of the presence of a sex offender in their communi ties.Second, there is little evidence that the Department of Corrections addresses the problem when the sex offenders are in prison. They cannot reassure society that these sex offenders are rehabilitated because they do not provide them any treatment.Also, we cannot forget that many former sex offenders have never presented a threat to society. I refer to gay people convicted of lewd acts for engaing in consensual sex with other adults. Will Megans Law require that these victims of homophobia be identified as sex offenders living in our midst?I wanted to express my appreciation and gratitude to the American Civil Liberties Union for your ongoing work in defending the Constitution of ALL people, whether we like them or not.Thurgood Marshall once asked, Mental health and the law what if anything do they have in commonality? He responded that both are concerned with the aspirations and problems of the human condition, and both deal with human rights and human responsibilities.Let us continue in our commitment to work on behalf of ALL people. Thank you.Sincerely,M. Xiomara Flores-HolguinMSW Graduate StudentCONCLUSIONAt the beginning of this assignment, I believed that I had a strong position as to Megans Law and felt that this law was almost perfect. However, as a social worker, I recognized that the law was supported by little empirical research. I realize that no policy compendium is ever complete, that it is impossible to discover all of the data (data are essentially infinite) and to ask all of the possible questions. Policy analysis is always an approximation of the ideal and, as such, decisions are always made on the basis of incomplete data (Karger Stoesz, 1994).Karger and Stoesz (1994) argue that despite a nominal reliance on an analytical framework, social policy analysis in the real world is to some degree always biased. Because policy is canvass by human beings, it is always done through the mirror of the analysts value system, ideological beliefs , and particular understanding of the goals and purposes of social welfare. Subjectivity is reflected in the omission (conscious or otherwise) of facts or questions, or in the relative weight given to one variable at the expense of others. Also, political pressure may be put on the policy analyst to come up with recommendations that are acceptable to a certain interest group. Regardless of the causes of subjectivity, policy analysis is always an approximation of the ideal, in effect an informed anticipation as to the effects of a policy or a set of policies.I believe that we need to stop crime against children in this generation. Furthermore, we need to identify and help those children that will be capable of continuing this cycle of crime as adults. The imprisoned sex offender, the released sex offender, and the unknown sex offender were children once, too. We should therapeutically treat the juvenile as soon as they are identified as potential offenders. We should not give up on people by locking them up An African proverb admonishes us, It takes a village. Let us take more responsibility.I will be pursuing a Community, Organization, Planning and Administration, concentration next year. I realized long ago that I wish to commit clients and advocate for them. I want to do so at the macro level.REFERENCESAmerican Civil Liberties Union. (August 19, 1994). Press Release. Registration and community notification of convicted sex offender. ACLU Washington Office publication.Bierker, S.B. (1989). About sexual abuse. Springfield, Illinois Charles C. Thomas Publisher.Brown, J.M. , Gilliard, D.F., Snell, T.L. , Stephan, J.J., Wilson, D.J. (1996). Correctional populations in the United States. U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics Washington, D.C. publication.Finn, P. (1997, February). U.S. Department of Justice, Statistics on sex offender community notification. Rockville, Maryland National Institute of Justice Publications.Jansson, B. (1994). So cial policy from theory to policy practice. Pacific Grove Brooks/Cole.Karger, H.J., Stoesz, D. (1994). American social welfare policy a pluralist approach. New York Longman.Nelson, B. J. (1984). Making an Issue of Child Abuse. Chicago The University Press.Palmer, E. A. (1996). GOP pushes four crime bills through the House. Congressional Quarterly. p. 1305.Richardson, L. Target of Megans Law Moves, Causing Stir. Loa Angeles Times, process 8, 1997, p.A20.Schopf, Simon (1995). Megans Law Community notification and the Constitution. Columbia Journal of Law. 29 (117), 118-146.Welch, M.J. (1994). Press Release. Publicizing child molesters in your community. Personal mailing.

Strategies to Improve Recruitment Processes

Strategies to Improve Recruitment ProcessesReport 1An interview is an organised white-tie meeting of an interviewer (representative of the employer) and interviewee (job appli put upt) utilized to evaluate a potential employee for the purpose of employment at an organisation. Interviews ar one of the most common recruitment and selection processes. hypothecate interviews typically precede a hiring decision and very much form part of the measure outment centre process. Interviews can be conducted in several ways such(prenominal) as Face-to-Face interviews, telephonic interviews and interviews everyplace the internet. Most job interviews last for astir(predicate) one hour, although telephone interviews and technical interviews are usually shorter.Even though interviews are the most widely delectationd employment technique, research has not been able to show that it has high predictive validity. An interview does not accurately assess the candidates big businessman at work, r elevant experience and work skills. A further problem with interviews is that factors that are not related to the job work out the employment decision clothing, colour, ethnic origin, gender, accent, physical features or a disability might be such factors. There is also present that interviewers make decisions really rapidly on myopic entropy and thusly interviews are exposed to interviewer bias and failure of human judgement. This low validity of interviews is compounded by evidence of poor interviewer reliability leading to a lot of complexity in the selection process. There are potential pitfalls in using interviews as a selection process and it is advisable to choose supplementary techniques.Therefore, being the Head of Personnel Management at convalescence Insurance root word, I would like to envelop supplementary techniques in order to increase the efficiency of recruitment and selection in the organisation. It is possible to complement information gained from intervie ws by different supplementary techniques and ruffle additional measures into the selection and decision making process. These techniques can aid objective judicial decisions of a candidates ability. However, the use of such techniques requires a high floor of skill and training and their use should be carefully monitored and controlled to ensure they are free of bias and that they do not inadvertently discriminate against disadvantaged groups. For example, special facilities whitethorn be required when testing disabled candidates.Following are the supplementary techniques to improve the effectiveness of recruitment and selection processTestsThe use of assessment processes based upon tests and questionnaires is expanding. It reduces the risks of hiring and developing people who turn out to be unsuitable. The financial costs attached to wrong decisions on employment can be considerable. Tests can be a very useful tool in the recruitment and selection process as it can actually rep licate certain part of the job. Whereas, an interview can only indicate that the applicant has the ability to do the job. Certain types of common tests utilize in recruitment and selection are psychological tests, Aptitude tests, Personality tests, Intelligence tests, Ability tests, Work sample, etc. A test requires the candidates to do something which will be done in the job and hence increases submit validity, making it more acceptable by the candidates. Therefore, tests can be used in interviews as the basis for further investigation and questioning about an applicants abilities.Group ExercisesMost jobs involve working with others and so the selection process should involve an element of group work. A group execution is an assessed discussion exercise that involves a small group of candidates (usually 8-10 people), following a question posed by a member of a come withs recruitment team. Group exercises allow plentiful possibilities for active working and interactions within the candidates. Interaction allows different experiences to be exchanged and applied to the subject. The candidates can be asked to exonerate a practical assess or take part in a discussion and their ability to interact with people can be assessed. Group exercises help the recruitment team to identify leadership skills, responsibility, team working skills and a shared group dynamic. It supports role play and turn ins candidates with social feedback. duty affectationThis method involves the construction and application of a procedure or task that simulates or models the work involved in the company. The simulation is designed to represent, as virtually as possible, the actual job situation. Candidates try out their exertion in the simulated activity and have it evaluated based on how much a task is accomplished. The candidates are provided certain objectives, play the game, and have their output monitored. Their performance can be documented and measured and the candidates with highest performance are generally short listed. Job simulation is a very important supplementary technique for selection and recruitment of complex job profiles.Report 2Organisations use a transformation of recruitment sources to allure applicants like direct applications, employee referrals, newspaper advertising, employment agencies, and executive search households. Recruiting the right person to the right position is of crucial importance to the performance of every company. At the same measure recruitments are expensive, difficult and time-consuming. Web based recruitment tools can be used to publish job postings, distribute applications, including spontaneous applications, and build up a CV Database.This recruitment strategy includes identification of the right channels with a campaign that effectively summarizes the job requirements, company and community. A simple job posting in a publication or on fund career centre is no longer enough the employer also call for to ma rket itself as a place the candidate would want to work and its community as a place the candidate would want to live. Companies often undertake online systems because they believe e-recruiting is more likely than traditional recruitment sources to unc all over individuals with unique talents and skills. The logic here is that online recruiting systems permit firms to cast a wide net crossways a broad labour market and, therefore, may be more likely to reach high quality applicants than other sources.I would recommend the line managers of Recovery Insurance Group to opt for this system of e-recruitment as it is clear that job applicants are using online systems to search for jobs and gather information employment opportunities in organisations. Furthermore, e-recruiting may be particularly effective as we are searching for personnel assistant proficient with computer systems. Also, online systems can be used to attract passive job seekers who are currently employed, but are secret ly searching for new and better employment opportunities.There has been increased volume of online applications because individuals often spend more time searching for jobs online as the process is simpler and faster than traditional systems. However, increasing the volume of applicants may also lead to increase in administrative burden in an organisation and increase overall transaction costs over time.Furthermore, some analysts have argued that online systems allow employers to tailor their recruitment to particular proposition labour markets through the use of specialised websites and job boards that target applicants with distinctive skills and backgrounds. Some candidates may be more receptive to e-recruiting and more likely to use the system than others. This is because candidates need to have an access to computers and have the skills needed to use the technology. As a result, online recruiting systems generally attract candidates who are well educated, have the ability to na vigate the internet and are searching for relatively high level jobs. Online recruitment attracts individuals with higher achievement, drive, and persistence levels than traditional recruitment sources.Effectiveness of Online RecruitmentOrganisations use online recruitment systems for multiple purposes, including attracting candidates, communicating benefits about the organisation, and assessing applicants knowledge, skills, abilities and other personality requirements. Some companies now use software to scan applicants CVs for keywords and provide them immediate feedback whether they are commensurate for the job. Other organisations use online aptitude tests, personality inventories or simulations to assess candidates critical thinking and decisions making skills. Many firms conduct online interviews or allow candidates to submit television clips as part of their application process.The online recruitment system allows a large number of applicants to be screened quickly and effic iently. The growing use of these systems justify that the online assessment techniques may be much more objective and, therefore, less biased by non job related factors like age, race, gender, etc.Online recruitment systems also allow companies to provide applicants with unique information about their company and give them a more realistic idea of what it is like to work for that organisation. Some organisations allow candidates to observe the firms activities through virtual systems, and others use highly creative means of providing applicants with realistic job previews. Applicants can collect more realistic information from the websites quite than traditional sources because websites allow flexibility in gathering data that were relevant to them. They choose jobs and organisations that fit with their personal values, beliefs and attitudes. As a result, many organisations emphasize information about their strategic goals and culture so that applicants can make informed decisions about whether they will be satisfied with the organisation. Another potential benefit of online recruitment systems is that websites can easily be used to communicate vacancy characteristics like pay, benefits, perquisites, and advantages of working with the company.Report 4There has been a tremendous increase in the use of telephone interviewing for recruitment and selection. Many organisations conduct telephone interviews in the early stages of the recruiting and selection process because it can be a cost and time efficient way to short list candidates. This method of interviewing also offers valuable insight for positions that require phone communication skills.Recruitment teams generally conduct face to face interviews before making a final hiring decision, but telephone interviews can help them select the best candidates to meet. Telephone interviews can be used to screen out unsuitable applicants or as an integral part of the selection process.Telephone Interview for Screening Short, rigidly structure interviews based on criteria.A competency-based screening interview, where candidates are asked a number of multiple choice questions to gauge suitability for the job role.Telephone Interview for SelectionA structured telephone role play when roles require advanced telephone communication skills.A sales telephone interview when a candidate is asked to sell something to the interviewer over the phone.An in depth semi-structured for senior or managerial positions where it is more difficult to capture experience and skills on paper.An alternative to face to face interviews for people who are based overseas or unavailable for long periods of time.Pros of Telephone InterviewingCan be quicker to arrange and conduct than other conventional methods.Can be cost effective as an initial screen.Can maintain a degree of confidentiality of post as these details will only be provided in one case the initial screening is completed.Acts as an ideal way to assess the candida tes telephone manners.There are fewer interpersonal distractions.They provide little or no opportunity to discriminate on the grounds of race, disability, age or other non job related factors.Cons of Telephone InterviewingCandidates may be unfamiliar with(predicate) with the format or uncomfortable using the telephone, which could make them nervous and/or provoke uncharacteristic responses.It is difficult to make a thorough assessment of a candidate over the telephone. Non-verbal behaviour or body language, both of which are important in forming an opinion of people, cannot be gauged over the telephone.Telephone interview candidates agree less about your business than those who visit your premises and meet potential colleagues in person. The on-site experience helps candidates decide whether they wish to pursue the interviewing process. It is important to commemorate that the recruitment process works both ways, providing an opportunity for candidates to assess your business as i t allows you to assess them.Considering the pros and cons of telephone interviewing, I will not recommend Recovery Group to reply on this method as a selection tool for recruiting a Personnel Assistant. The skills and attributes expected from the potential employee cannot be effectively assessed over the telephone. Therefore, it is advisable to conduct a traditional face to face interview supplemented by other selection tools for the recruitment of an ideal candidate.http//www.nuigalway.iehttp//www.bnet.comhttp//www.businessballs.com

Hispanic Cultural Views And Traditional Values

Hispanic heathenish Views And Traditional ValuesHispanics are the largest minority population in the unify States. Projections suggest that the estimated 46.9 cardinal Hispanics who currently reside in the United States (U.S. Census Bureau 2009) go away grow to over 62 million by 2020 and to to a greater extent than than 133 million by the year 2050 (Bean, 2001). Research is crucial in learning how this population functions, assimilates and understanding the societal trends that have the strongest impact on Hispanics. Hispanics display an exceptional resilience to assimilatory into mainstream Ameri buns heathenish patterns while maintaining their traditionalistic ethnic norms, beliefs and customs (Acevedo, 2009). Research that examines the underlying factors which facilitate Hispanic finishing gives insight into understanding Hispanic agri goal. It can serve as the foundation for developing a guideline in studying ethnical assimilation and aiding other cultures in achievi ng it. An privates beliefs, motivation, and actions are defined and influenced by connections and investments with multitudes they consider themselves to be a part of. In the realm of behaviors and attitudes, groups are exceedingly monumental (Acevedo, 2009). Therefore, studying Hispanics as a group supplies searchers a unequaled advant be on in gaining relevant insight.One of the most prominent values of Hispanic culture is familismo, the emphasis on family relationships, which includes gender roles, childbearing, familial hierarchy, etc (Raffaeilli Ontai, 2004). It is a ethnical value that highlights the priority of family connections, participation in larger family ne bothrks and harmony within relationships. In traditional Latino families, it is generally believed cultural values reflect traditional hierarchical gender roles. Women are supposed to be virginal until marriage. In essence this means they are expected to remain virgins until they marry and be brute in sexual manners because the husband is responsible for educating his wife in this arena (Quadagno, Sly, Harrison, Eberstein Soler, 1998). The womans most fundamental roles are as wife and mother creation the caretaker for the children, her husband, and photographic plate life in general. Traditional male roles are defined as machismo, in which males maintain plethoric and aggressive attitudes and are responsible for works to mount the family (Saez, Casado Wade, 2009). Men are considered to be the head of the household and possess the most power in making decisions. The traditional definition of these gender roles as well implies that women are the more subservient sex and men being not barely more powerful but also domineering, macho, and potentially excessively positive and abusive. The relationship between gender-role fondization and hypermasculinity suggests that the home environment is a powerful source of messages regarding male gender role norms (Saez, Casado Wade, 2009) as well as feminine gender role norms. Scholarly enquiry has criticized this depiction of traditional gender roles as stereotypical and invalid (Amaro, 1988). In the Latino world, machismo is defined as the prognosis that a man will be honor commensurate, responsible and loving towards his family (Parra-Cardona Busby 2006). Hispanic partners are also very likely to be influenced by cultural values that emphasize individualisedismo, which refers to a high level of emotional resonance in interpersonal encounters (Parra-Cardona Busby, 2006). Therefore, communication and connection between partners and within the family carry significant weight, promoting familial harmony, strength and growth.Clinicians are responsible for understanding the familial gender roles as defined by assorted ethnicities in mold to maintain cultural competence to work with those populations. Multicultural competence is generally characterized as involving three main areas clinicians awareness of the cul ture they describe with, clinicians acquaintance of the clients perception of society, and clinicians knowledge and carrying into action of culturally appropriate treatment strategies and interventions (Bean, 2001). Since the Hispanic population continues to grow, the demand for therapists who are trained to work with Hispanics will also rise. Therefore, research will supply schooling that can be applied toward developing and implementing treatment plans that will beaver serve Hispanics.There exists an overwhelming amount of research concerning gender roles amongst the Hispanic population. However, research concerning roles as defined by the senior Hispanic population is quite scarce, creating a significant gap in understanding the populace. The population of U.S. Hispanics older than 64 years is one of the fas essay growing segments of elderly Americans (Beyene, Becker Mayen, 2002). Respeto, or respect, is a traditional value in the Hispanic culture. All members of the famil y are expected to be respected and give it in return. Traditionally, Hispanic elderly were highly valued for their role and function as well as their ability to contribute their knowledge and experience to their family. They have served as repositories of history, tradition and values (Beyene, Becker Mayen, 2002). They are addressed as Don or Doa, titles of reverence and respect. Children are socially and morally obligated to support their elderly parents, which typically translates to parents moving in with their childrens family once their condition limits their independence and inhibits their ability to care for themselves. However, the Hispanic elderly that have emigrated from their congenital country live in a different society that possesses values that differ greatly from the society they were raised in. In the modern Hispanic culture it remains common use to seek turn up the elderly for advice concerning childrearing and family relations, but young Hispanics who were ra ised in the United States are more likely to ordain their values with those based on the U.S. culture, which emphasizes y come forthhfulness and personal independence (Beyene, Becker Mayen, 2002).Research shows a significant connection between emotional well being and family support for the elderly Hispanic population. Elderly Hispanics deem emotional support, understanding, compassion and love from their adult children as the most important form of assistance. Thus emphasis is minded(p) to social relationships and emotional connection. An exchange of attention and affection with grandchildren also has a significant influence on the sense of well-being for Hispanic elderly (Beyene, Becker Mayen, 2002).The elderly Hispanic population tends to have a strong connection to religion and religious tradition. This is believed to aid in helping with the stresses of old age. Religious beliefs help large number make life bear fit, and determine their relationship to the supernatural, to the environment, to time, to activity, and enhance their self-worth (Beyene, Becker Mayen, 2002). Religious beliefs are aligned closely with the standpat(prenominal) sphere, which indicates the possibility that elderly Hispanic whom are less(prenominal) assimilated into American culture and feel a more powerful connection to their culture are more likely to possess conservative views and ideals than young Hispanics or Hispanics who are more assimilated into U.S. culture. Most Hispanics in the United States identify with Catholicism or evangelical Protestantism which are traditions that have a tendency to embrace conservative theological and social values, such as opposing abortion and contraception (Ellison, Echevarra Smith, 2005). Ultimately, conservative views call for more traditional gender roles in the family, embrace old-fashioned practices which become scarcer as the United States continues to embrace and incorporate a more modern way of lifeMethodsThe literature suggests that within Hispanic cultures, thither are strong traditional moral ties connecting younger and older generations, including traditions like adult children caring for elderly parents and women remaining celibate until marriage. However, these relationships may be different from generation to generation, particularly as some generations become more acculturated to American life. The question we will attempt to answer is exploratory in nature and serves to withdraw whether or not there is a relationship between age and traditional beliefs within the Hispanic population in the United States. In order to test this question, we will utilize data taken from the Pew Hispanic Center in 2002.The Pew Hispanic Center conducted the National Survey of Latinos in 2002 among 2929 Latinos and 1284 non-Latinos. This was a broad brush up that asked a number of socially relevant questions related to culture, experience and relationship to the United States. These were telephone surveys conducted in both position and Spanish among a randomly selected sample of adults. The respondents were selected victimization a quartette-stage stratification system to identify areas more densely populated with Hispanic people and figurer assisted calls were made to random phone numbers racket within these areas. The data received was proportioned to match expected area population values based on country of origin.We will use the data collected from only the Hispanic population in the sample, as this is the target population relevant to our research question. In order to test our question, we will look at deuce variables age and level of concordance with the statement, It is better for children to live in their parents home until they get get married (Pew Hispanic Center, 2002). This question is valid for our study due to its relationship to traditional Hispanic family values regarding child and parent roles. The answers were coded in the survey using manageable responses of four levels o f agreement, from strongly agree to strongly disagree and additionally allowed respondents to state dont know. For our purposes, we will recode the data received from this question to include just the four levels of response and encode the dont know responses as missing data, because these responses give us little insight within our exploratory analysis. We will begin our analysis by conducting descriptive frequencies analysis of our two variables, utilizing the datasets included recoded age data, which grouped age responses into five-spot age groups, and the responses to the survey question. We will then run a crosstabulation of the two variables and conduct a Pearson chi-square test using SPSS software.The chi-square test will allow us to see if there is a significant relationship between the two variables. It will measure the significance of the difference between the expected and observed frequencies when comparing categories of the two responses within a crosstabulation. The c rosstabulation will allow us to identify specific frequencies of each response divided by age group. The null hypothesis is that there is no significant relationship between the two variables and that the frequencies of responses will be distributed every bit. We will use a two-tailed test in order to be fully able to observe if a relationship exists, either positively or negatively. Based on the literature, our hypothesis is that there is a positive relationship between age and the belief among Hispanics in the U.S. that children should remain at home until marriage.The usefulness of this exploratory analysis is that a relationship between these variables may be indicators of greater trends or differences in beliefs among generations and may serve as a basis for additional exploration. The limitation of this study occurs due to its exploratory nature in that we are looking at only one variable as an indicator for the relationship of tradition and age. Although limited in terms of g eneral relationship, discovering a relationship with these variables specifically may help clinicians to better picture and foretell generational belief differences within families regarding child and parent roles.ResultsBy running descriptive frequencies on the recoded age variable, we were able to visualize an unequal distribution among our five age groups. The data (see Table 1) shows that of the 2929 respondents, the largest group were 18-29 years old, representing 32.0% of the total sample. The next two age groups, 30-39 and 40-54, reported in similar numbers, with 748 (26.0%) and 721 (25.1%) respectively. The largest drop then occurred, with only 8.5% reporting each for the next two groups, 55-64 and 65 or older.Descriptive frequencies run on our question variable (see Table 2 and Chart 1) shows intemperately skewed responses, with 1779 (61.5%) of the 2929 respondents answering that they agree strongly that children should live in their parents home until they get married. 51 2 (17.7%) responded agree somewhat. Disagreement comprised of only 20.4% of the respondents, with 11.9% disagreeing somewhat and 8.9% disagreeing strongly. Of the total sample, 38 responses equally 1.3% of the total were counted as missing data.Running a crosstabulation on these two variables found 85 (2.9%) missing cases (see Table 3), which leaves 2844 (97.1%) cases that are valid for comparison. Within the frequency table generated by the crosstabulation (see Table 4,) we can see the degree to which each age group agrees or disagrees with the survey question. Although 61.4% of the total population strongly agrees with the question, the 65+ age group gave this response most frequently, with 78.0% of that age group strongly agreeing and 14.5% agreeing somewhat. The three middle age groups responded similarly in nearly equal numbers when proportioned for their age groups, representing 64.8% to 65.8% of each age group strongly agreeing and 16.7% to 17.8% of each age group agreeing so mewhat. Although a lower proportion of the youngest age group responded with strongly agree, it is important to note that 49.4% of this age group still gave this response and 19.8% agreed somewhat.Disagreement with the question displayed fewer responses among the sample population, but skewed toward the younger age group, with 18.0% of that age group disagreeing somewhat and 12.8% disagreeing strongly. The numbers decrease with each age group, with 4.1% of the oldest age group disagreeing somewhat and 3.3% disagreeing strongly. From the crosstabulation results, there appears to be a relationship wherein older respondents respond more frequently in agreement with this question. Although younger respondents strongly agree in large numbers with the question, they also report disagreement more frequently.The results of the Pearson chi-square test (see Table 5) indicate that the relationship between these two variables is significant, with a p-value below the .0005 level, based on a chi- square value of 117.985 with 12 degrees of freedom. The results of our analysis thus revoke the null hypothesis that there is an equal distribution of frequencies and no relationship. The results show a higher frequency of general agreement with our study question among the oldest group of respondents and a higher rate of general disagreement among the youngest respondents. The middle three age groups responded slightly more conservatively than the oldest group, however, they still responded more frequently with agreement to the survey question. The results of our analysis show a somewhat positive relationship between age and level of agreement with the survey question, thus confirming our initial hypothesis.Discussion and ConclusionThe data collected shows that there is a relationship between age and traditional beliefs of people of Hispanic origin in the United States. The findings, as explained in the results section, indicate that there is a positive correlation between age and the belief that children should remain home until marriage. The older the individual surveyed is, the more likely he/she is to strongly agree with this belief. This finding assists social workers in understanding the importance of familial relationships as well as the effects of assimilation across generations within the Hispanic culture. Understanding the impact of these two factors helps to inform therapeutic work with members of this population by assisting clinicians in becoming culturally competent. Cultural competence is an important quality that all social workers ought to possess when working with individuals from a culture different from ones own. Cultural competence is then aspirational at best and requires the continuous development of practitioners cultural sensitivity, awareness, knowledge, and skills (Furman et al, 2009) learning is an ongoing process and it is imperative that social workers keep this in mind in order to be able to serve clients from different backgr ounds. By engaging in cultural competent practices clinicians will be able to better understand and empathize with his/her clients. Through the clinicians personal awareness and cultural sensitivity, client and clinician can build a trusting relationship. Without cultural awareness, social workers contribute to oppression when working with clients from other cultures. This is unethical practice and can cause clients great harm (Sue et al., 1992). This understanding amongst the clinician and client will serve to build a therapeutic rapport between the two, which is the foundation for sure-fire work with a client.The effect of assimilation and refinement across generations is another(prenominal) important factor that clinicians should be aware of. Though attitudes dont dramatically differ across age groups, it is important to recognize that traditional beliefs within the Hispanic population are slowly changing as many Hispanics assimilate into the American culture. Generally, accult uration has been measured in terms of behavior, cultural identity, knowledge, language, and values. These aspects, then, are critical components in understanding and addressing factors that cause intercultural conflict and distress related to adapting to a new culture (Furman et al, 2009). As social workers, it is important for us to realize the potential effects that this assimilation may have. For example, one noticeable difference between the American culture and the Hispanic culture is our value system. The American culture values independence and individualism while the Hispanic culture values interdependence and collectivism. Anderson Sabatelli point out this fact they explain that, Workers need to recognize that a behavior or coping mechanism is not dysfunctional simply because it does not match dominant culture patterns (1999). This is very important for practitioners to realize when working with cultures that are different from their own. By becoming aware of potential dif ferences in interpretations and hassles practitioners will be able to better understand and relate to his/her clinics. Even problem identification itself is a part of this awareness process. What may be interpreted as a problem to the client may not be a viewed as a problem to the clinician and the same is true the other way around. For example, in terms of the survey that was conducted, it was found that older Hispanic people strongly believed that children should remain home until married. If a client came to seek counseling because his/her son/daughter moved out of the home to pursue a single lifestyle, a clinician without cultural competency may shrug this problem off. He/she may attempt to convince the individual that this is not a pressing problem because every day, people move out of their parents homes in order to live on their own. This is an example of the practitioner not placing the clients values high in regard. This blatant disregard may make the client not want to pa rticipate in services.Researcher Tina Hancock further describes the interdependence of the Hispanic culture as it relates to family, the family generally is regarded as the survival net for its members, who internalize a strong sense of duty to one another and across generations. The foundation of this cultural orientation is the value of la familia and the principle of familismo (2005). We must look at the effects that such a change in traditionally held beliefs may have on the family unit and culture as a whole. Using a systems perspective to analyze the interactions between an individual and his/her family, social workers can better understand conflict and potential interventions, by acknowledging that the individual, family, and cultural systems all interrelated.ConclusionThe Hispanic population in United States is growing accelerated than all other minority populations combined, The Hispanic, population is projected to swell from 28 million from 1990s to about 100 million in 2 050( pewhispanic.org). With this increase in diversity in the population it is necessary for social workers to be able to work with a variety of cultures in their work with the American population. By using the information gathered on the issues of assimilation and familial relationships clinicians can develop better and more telling interventions in their work with this particular population. Developing cultural competency is one way of achieving this task. In this study we were limited by the variety of responses that we were able to obtain, as the questions that were asked were very broad in nature. For future research it would be beneficial for researchers to delve deeper into the topic of assimilation upon cultural attitudes. Additionally, further study the effects of cultural competency as it relates to client-clinician relationships would also be effective in shaping social work practice. By becoming more aware of the different values and traditions, practitioners work with varied populations will become more informed and effective.

Shelley and Keats :: essays papers

Shelley and KeatsAutumnal Theme in English Romantic PoetryShelleys Ode to the West Wind and Keatss To Autumn.A season of surrender is traditionally associated with transienceand mutability, with dying of nature and expectations of thefollowing winter time. For Romantic poets who atomic number 18 known fortheir extraordinary sensitivity to natural sense modalitys the period offall becomes a expectant force for poetic creativity. Percy ByssheShelleys Ode to the West Wind and John Keatss ode ToAutumn are two beautiful poems which were blown to its germsby the English autumn both poets are influenced by theseasonal process in nature which ushers them into the mood oftransience and maturation. However, the two of them differentlyperceive the same natural manifestations. The primary poetShelley observes the deadly changes in nature caused by theautumnal wind with an expectation for the following spring andrevival. In the seasonal process he sees a symbolical prototypefor possible r evolutionary changes both in his own life and inthe existing social structure of his country. His Ode to theWest Wind primarily appeals to the industrious sublime power ofthe west wind to give him that energy which is able to change theworld. At the same time, another Romantic poet Keats drowsy accepts theidea of aging and accomplishment in his ode To Autumn he celebratesfruitfulness of the autumn and bides farewell to the passing away yearand together with it to his great poetry.The Romantic autumnal odes of Shelley and Keats are born from thepoetic observations of natural changes and from their ability topenetrate the mood of fall which provides them a incentive forartistic creativity. In Ode to the West Wind Shelley mainlyconcentrates his forethought on his observations of the death caused bythe autumnal wind. He compares the dead leaves to ghosts (WW,676/2-3), and the winged seeds to dead bodies which lie cold andlow... within their grave (WW, 676/7-8). All these images talk tothe author of the dying year (WW, 677/24), of transience of time andof aging. Little by little his mind becomes full of deadthoughts(WW, 678/63) which overwhelm him after he penetrates theautumnal mood of nature thus his mind generates the mood of theseason and he becomes a part of it. However, observing the autumnaldevastation Shelley knows that this season is not to rule over theearth forever for him it is just a period of darkness which waits fora redeemer (Webb, p.178). He expects the time when Spring shall blow